204 lines
5.2 KiB
Markdown
204 lines
5.2 KiB
Markdown
# 下载
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## 下载地址
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https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
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## 下载版本
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Linux Generic linux通用版本
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```sh
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# 查看glibc版本
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[root@hy-node6 ~]# ldd --version
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ldd (GNU libc) 2.17
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Copyright (C) 2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
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This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
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warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
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Written by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.
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# 下载
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wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.1/mysql-8.1.0-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar
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```
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# 安装
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## 安装参考地址
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https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.1/en/binary-installation.html
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```sh
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# 添加用户组mysql 查看用户组 cat /etc/group
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groupadd mysql
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# 添加用户 hy-mysql并添加到用户组mysql 查看用户 cat /etc/passw
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useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false hy-mysql
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# 解压文件
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tar xvf mysql-8.1.0-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar
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# 解压
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xz -dc mysql-8.1.0-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz | tar x
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# 设置环境变量
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export PATH=$PATH:/software/mysql/mysql-8.1.0-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/bin
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# 使环境变量生效
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source /etc/profile
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```
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# 设置
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## 参考地址
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https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.1/en/postinstallation.html
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## 配置文件地址
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```sh
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# 备份配置文件
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cp my.cnf my.cnf.backup
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# 默认配置文件，不建议修改建议使用默认
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vi /etc/my.cnf
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# 修改文件地址
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[client]
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port=3306
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socket=/software/mysql/socket/mysql.sock
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[mysqld]
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datadir=/software/mysql/datadir
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basedir=/software/mysql/basedir
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socket=/software/mysql/socket/mysql.sock
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```
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```
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# 设置地址授权,用于配置文件地址路径
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[root@hy-node6 mysql-8.1.0-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64]# pwd
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/software/mysql
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[root@hy-node6 ]# mkdir -p datadir basedir socket/mysql.sock
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[root@hy-node6 ]# chown hy-mysql:mysql datadir basedir socket/mysql.sock
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[root@hy-node6 ]# chmod 750 datadir basedir socket/mysql.sock
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[root@hy-node6 mysql-8.1.0-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64]# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=hy-mysql
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2023-09-21T02:22:43.673521Z 0 [System] [MY-015017] [Server] MySQL Server Initialization - start.
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2023-09-21T02:22:43.675219Z 0 [Warning] [MY-011070] [Server] 'Disabling symbolic links using --skip-symbolic-links (or equivalent) is the default. Consider not using this option as it' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release.
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2023-09-21T02:22:43.675412Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /software/mysql/mysql-8.1.0-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.1.0) initializing of server in progress as process 30526
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2023-09-21T02:22:43.695144Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
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2023-09-21T02:22:44.540948Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
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2023-09-21T02:22:52.149208Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: xa=V>dpyK7;y
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2023-09-21T02:22:58.749405Z 0 [System] [MY-015018] [Server] MySQL Server Initialization - end.
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```
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## 使用systemctl启动
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https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-secure-deployment-guide/8.0/en/secure-deployment-post-install.html#secure-deployment-startup-options
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```
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cd /usr/lib/systemd/system
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touch mysqld.service
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chmod 644 mysqld.service
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```
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写入文件
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```
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[Unit]
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Description=MySQL Server
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Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
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Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
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After=network.target
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After=syslog.target
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[Install]
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WantedBy=multi-user.target
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[Service]
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User=hy-mysql
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Group=mysql
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# Have mysqld write its state to the systemd notify socket
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Type=notify
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# Disable service start and stop timeout logic of systemd for mysqld service.
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TimeoutSec=0
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# Start main service
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ExecStart=/software/mysql/mysql-8.1.0-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf $MYSQLD_OPTS
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# Use this to switch malloc implementation
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EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/mysql
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# Sets open_files_limit
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LimitNOFILE = 10000
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Restart=on-failure
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RestartPreventExitStatus=1
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# Set environment variable MYSQLD_PARENT_PID. This is required for restart.
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Environment=MYSQLD_PARENT_PID=1
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PrivateTmp=false
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```
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开始设置
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```
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systemctl enable mysqld.service
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systemctl start mysqld
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systemctl status mysqld
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```
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连接设置mysql
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```
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mysql -u root -p
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# 修改密码
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ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
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# 设置远程连接
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CREATE USER 'root'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
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CREATE USER 'root'@'::1' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
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CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
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flush privileges;
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```
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# 遇到问题
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## 一
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报错：Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)
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方式一：
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mysql -S /software/mysql/socket/mysql.sock -u root -p
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方式二：
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/software/mysql/socket/mysql.sock（/etc/my.conf中mysqld配置的socket）
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设置软连接不用使用 -S /software/mysql/socket/mysql.sock
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ln -s /software/mysql/socket/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
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方式三：
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修改配置文件/etc/my.conf 添加保证client和mysqld中socket相同
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```
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[client]
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port=3306
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socket=/software/mysql/socket/mysql.sock
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```
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# 多实例启动
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https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.1/en/using-systemd.html
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# 从机安装
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复制安装包
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```
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scp mysql-8.1.0-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz root@192.168.1.120:/software/mysql
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root@localhost: %mfSO2t==tkF
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```
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